Entropion

Entropion is a medical condition characterised by the inward turning of the lower eyelid, causing the eyelashes to rub against the surface of the eye. This misalignment of the eyelid can lead to various uncomfortable symptoms and potential complications.

Causes of Entropion

Several factors can contribute to the development of entropion:

  1. Ageing: As a person ages, the skin around the eyes may lose its elasticity, leading to stretching and laxity of the lower eyelid, causing it to turn inward.

  2. Scarring of the eyelid: Inflammatory eye diseases, infections, or injuries can cause scarring of the inner layer of the eyelid, leading to entropion.

  3. Long-term use of eyedrops: Prolonged use of certain eye medications, especially those with irritating effects on the eyelids, can contribute to entropion.

  4. Congenital malformation: Some individuals may be born with a congenital malformation of the eyelid structures, making them more prone to entropion.

Symptoms of Entropion

Entropion can lead to several uncomfortable symptoms and potential complications, including:

  • Excessive tearing (epiphora) due to the inward-turning eyelid, which can block the drainage of tears.

  • Redness and irritation of the eye, as the inward-facing eyelashes rub against the surface of the eye, leading to discomfort and corneal irritation.

  • Mucous discharge, as the irritation and corneal irritation prompt the eye to produce more mucus to protect the surface.

  • Risk of corneal damage, as the inward-facing eyelashes can cause corneal abrasions and increase the risk of infection and scarring.

Treatment of Entropion

The most common and effective treatment for entropion is surgical repair. The goal of the surgery is to reposition the affected lower eyelid and correct the inward-turning of the eyelashes.

The surgical procedure for entropion repair involves:

  • Making a small incision at the outer corner of the lower eyelid.

  • Stretching and tightening the loose structures of the eyelid.

  • Re-suturing the eyelid to the tissue overlying the bone at the outer corner to stabilise its position.

  • In cases where scarring on the back surface of the eyelid is the cause of the entropion, a graft of mucous membrane from the mouth or hard palate may be used to reconstruct the affected area.

Surgery for entropion is usually effective in relieving symptoms and preventing long-term damage to the surface of the eye.